Varus Torque

This is the rotational expression of varus force.

As with valgus torque, varus torque increases as varus force increases and as the force's distance from the axis of rotation increases.

Passive varus torque is supplied primarily by the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL). The UCL does not contract, so its contribution to varus torque is a passive tension caused by valgus torque.

Active varus torque is supplied by the flexor-pronator mass.

These soft tissues create varus torque to help stabilize the elbow in opposition to the valgus force created by internal rotation of the humerus and by the inertia of elbow acceleration.

A small amount of inertial varus torque is present during the deceleration phase of the delivery.